Thaum cov hluav taws xob thiab qhov sib xyaw ua ke, nws tuaj yeem tawg lub teeb pom kev, yog li nws tuaj yeem siv los ua lub teeb-emitting diodes.Siv raws li qhov taw qhia teeb hauv circuits thiab cov twj paj nruag, los yog tsim los ntawm cov ntawv nyeem lossis cov duab digital.Gallium arsenide diodes emit teeb liab, gallium phosphide diodes emit ntsuab teeb, silicon carbide diodes emit daj teeb, thiab gallium nitride diodes emit xiav lub teeb.Vim muaj tshuaj lom neeg, nws tau muab faib ua cov organic teeb-emitting diode OLED thiab inorganic teeb-emitting diode LED.

Lub teeb-emitting diodes feem ntau yog siv lub teeb-emitting li uas emit zog los ntawm recombination ntawm electrons thiab qhov rau emit lub teeb.Lawv tau siv dav hauv thaj chaw teeb pom kev zoo.[1] Lub teeb-emitting diodes tuaj yeem hloov hluav taws xob zoo rau hauv lub teeb lub zog thiab muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv lub neej niaj hnub, xws li teeb pom kev zoo, vaj huam sib luag tiaj tus, thiab cov khoom siv kho mob.[2]

Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo li no tau tshwm sim thaum ntxov li xyoo 1962. Thaum ntxov, lawv tsuas tuaj yeem tawm lub teeb liab qis.Tom qab ntawd, lwm cov qauv monochromatic tau tsim.Lub teeb uas tuaj yeem tso tawm hnub no tau kis mus rau lub teeb pom kev, infrared thiab ultraviolet lub teeb, thiab cov luminosity kuj tau nce mus rau qhov ntau.Lub luminosity.Kev siv kuj tau siv los ua qhov taw qhia teeb, teeb pom kev zoo, thiab lwm yam .;Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis, lub teeb-emitting diodes tau siv dav hauv cov lus qhia thiab teeb pom kev zoo.

Zoo li cov diodes zoo tib yam, lub teeb-emitting diodes yog tsim los ntawm PN hlws ris, thiab lawv kuj muaj unidirectional conductivity.Thaum qhov hluav taws xob rau pem hauv ntej siv rau lub teeb-emitting diode, lub qhov txhaj tshuaj los ntawm P cheeb tsam mus rau N cheeb tsam thiab cov electrons txhaj los ntawm N cheeb tsam mus rau P cheeb tsam yog feem sib cuag nrog cov electrons nyob rau hauv lub N cheeb tsam thiab cov voids. hauv thaj tsam P hauv ob peb microns ntawm PN kev sib tshuam.Lub qhov recombine thiab tsim spontaneous emission fluorescence.Lub zog lub xeev ntawm electrons thiab qhov nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv semiconductor sib txawv.Thaum cov electrons thiab qhov sib xyaw ua ke, lub zog tso tawm txawv me ntsis.Lub zog tso tawm ntau dua, lub wavelength luv ntawm lub teeb emitted.Feem ntau siv yog diodes uas emit liab, ntsuab los yog daj teeb.Qhov rov qab tawg voltage ntawm lub teeb-emitting diode yog ntau dua 5 volts.Nws cov volt-ampere yam ntxwv nkhaus yog qhov khov heev, thiab nws yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv series nrog rau tam sim no-txheej resistor los tswj tam sim no los ntawm diode.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub teeb-emitting diode yog wafer tsim los ntawm P-hom semiconductor thiab N-hom semiconductor.Muaj cov txheej txheem hloov pauv ntawm P-hom semiconductor thiab N-hom semiconductor, uas yog hu ua PN kev sib tshuam.Hauv PN kev sib tshuam ntawm qee yam khoom siv semiconductor, thaum cov neeg nqa khoom tsawg thiab cov neeg nqa khoom feem ntau rov ua dua, lub zog ntau dhau raug tso tawm hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub teeb, yog li ncaj qha hloov hluav taws xob rau hauv lub teeb lub zog.Nrog rau qhov hluav taws xob rov qab siv rau PN kev sib tshuam, nws nyuaj rau txhaj cov neeg nqa khoom tsawg, yog li nws tsis tawm lub teeb.Thaum nws nyob hauv lub xeev ua haujlwm zoo (uas yog, qhov zoo voltage yog siv rau ob qho kawg), thaum tam sim no ntws los ntawm LED anode mus rau cathode, lub semiconductor siv lead ua emits lub teeb ntawm cov xim sib txawv ntawm ultraviolet mus rau infrared.Qhov kev siv ntawm lub teeb muaj feem xyuam rau qhov tam sim no.