Lub capacitor yog lub thawv uas tuaj yeem khaws cov nqi hluav taws xob.Nws yog tsim los ntawm ob daim ntawv hlau uas nyob ze ua ke, sib cais los ntawm cov khoom siv insulating.Raws li cov ntaub ntawv insulating sib txawv, ntau lub capacitor tuaj yeem ua tau.Xws li: mica, porcelain, ntawv, electrolytic capacitors, thiab lwm yam.

Nyob rau hauv cov qauv, nws muab faib mus rau hauv taag capacitor thiab txawv txawv capacitors.Lub capacitor muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg rau DC, uas yog, lub capacitor muaj DC thaiv cov nyhuv.Qhov tsis kam ntawm lub capacitor rau alternating tam sim no cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov zaus ntawm kev hloov tam sim no, uas yog, cov capacitors ntawm tib lub peev xwm nthuav tawm txawv capacitive reactances rau alternating tam sim no ntawm ntau zaus.Vim li cas cov phenomena tshwm sim?Qhov no yog vim hais tias lub capacitor cia siab rau nws cov nqi thiab tawm haujlwm ua haujlwm, thaum lub hwj chim hloov s tsis raug kaw.

Thaum qhov hloov S raug kaw, cov hluav taws xob dawb ntawm lub phaj zoo ntawm lub capacitor yog nyiam los ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob thiab thawb mus rau lub phaj tsis zoo.Vim yog cov khoom siv insulating ntawm ob daim hlau ntawm lub capacitor, cov hluav taws xob dawb los ntawm cov phaj zoo sib sau rau ntawm cov phaj tsis zoo.Lub phaj zoo yog qhov zoo them nyiaj vim qhov txo qis ntawm electrons, thiab lub phaj tsis zoo yog qhov tsis zoo vim qhov nce ntawm cov electrons maj mam.

Muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm ob daim hlau ntawm lub capacitor.Thaum qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob, qhov kev them nyiaj ntawm lub capacitor nres.Yog tias lub zog raug txiav tawm ntawm lub sijhawm no, lub capacitor tseem tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov kev them nqi hluav taws xob.Rau lub capacitor them, yog tias peb txuas ob daim hlau nrog cov hlau, vim muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm ob daim hlau, electrons yuav dhau los ntawm cov hlau thiab rov qab mus rau lub phaj zoo kom txog thaum qhov sib txawv ntawm ob daim hlau yog xoom.

Lub capacitor rov qab mus rau nws lub xeev nruab nrab yam tsis tau them nqi, thiab tsis muaj tam sim no hauv cov hlau.Lub siab zaus ntawm kev hloov tam sim no siv rau ob daim hlau ntawm lub capacitor nce tus naj npawb ntawm kev them nyiaj thiab tawm ntawm lub capacitor;kev them nqi thiab tawm tam sim no kuj nce;uas yog hais tias, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub capacitor ntawm lub siab zaus hloov tam sim no raug txo, uas yog, lub capacitive reactance yog me me, thiab rov qab capacitors muaj qhov loj capacitive reactance rau tsawg zaus alternating tam sim no.Rau alternating tam sim no ntawm tib zaus.Lub peev xwm loj ntawm lub thawv, qhov me dua qhov capacitive reactance, thiab lub peev xwm me dua, qhov capacitive reactance ntau dua.